WRWA
“By combining the properties of lignocellulose, we could create light-reactive surfaces for windows or materials that react to certain chemicals or to steam. We could even make UV protectors that absorb radiation, acting like sunscreen on surfaces, ‘ explains Vapaavuori.
“We can actually add functionality to lignocellulose and customize it more easily than glass. For example, if we could replace the glass in solar cells with lignocellulose, we could improve light absorption and achieve better operational efficiency. says Kati Miettunen, professor of materials engineering at the University of Turku.
Because forest biomass is already in high demand and vast carbon sinks are crucial for the health of the planet, as a source of lignocellulose, the researchers point out what is not used: more than a billion tonnes of biomass waste created each year by industry and agriculture.
“There is a huge untapped potential in lignocellulose remnants from other industries”, Vapaavuori points out.
For now, researchers are still studying bio-based materials and creating prototypes. At Aalto University, for example, scientists have developed lightweight fibers and light-reactive fabrics.
Vapaavuori says the leap to scale and commercialization could be achieved in two ways. “Either we are creating new uses for bio-based waste through government regulations, or the research is driving demonstrations and breakthroughs so exciting that they are driving demand for renewable alternatives for optical applications. We believe that we need both political leadership and strong research.
A major obstacle to the development and commercialization of lignocellulose-based innovations has been its manufacturing cost. All eyes were on nanocellulose in the early 2000s, but it is only now that energy consumption and the cost of production have fallen enough to allow industrial use. Another ongoing challenge lies in a simple but fundamental ingredient in treatment: water.
“Cellulose loves water. To use it in optical applications, we have to find a way to make it stable in wet conditions, ‘ said Vapaavuori.
Source: Aalto University
Top image: Pixabay
